Telephone-transmitter.



No. 815,889. MTBNTED MAR. 2D, 1906. E. E. YAXLEY.

TLP TRSMITTER.

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UNITED PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST E. YAXLEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'IO MONARCH TELEPHONE MANUFACTURING OO., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS` A OOR- PORATION OF ILLINOIS.

TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March eo, 190e.

To all whom it Treaty concern.-

Be it known that I, ERNEST E. YAXLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Im rovement in Telephone-Transmitters, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to tlephonetransmitters of the type employing subdivided or comminuted carbon or equivalent material between the electrodes of the transmitter, and has for its object the provision of an improved construction of transmitter wherein these comminuted or subdivided particles will not ment of t e invention wherein all of the carbon will be subject to agitation wlLile the transmitter is in use, so that said carbon may properly and fully function. In transmitters of the solid-back type, to which ths invention is particularly adaptable, a rigidlymounted electrode is opposed to an electrode that is actuated by the speaking-diaphragm of the transmitter, one or both of these electrodes being made of plate-like carbon. Hitherto one or both of these electrodes projected into a chamber containing the comminuted carbon, which carbon not only contacted with the faces of the electrodes, but also surrounded the eri )hery of at least one of the electrodes. n t is way a portion of the carbon around the periphery of the chamber would not be subject to sufhcient agitation upon operation of `the speaking-diaphragm and would be liable to become packed, thereby im roperly reducing the resistance between t e electrodes to prevent t the proper variation in resistance in the transmitter-circuit and a consequent proper impression of the voice currents upon the line. This tendency to pack was materially increased by a heating of the carbon )articles in the operation of the transm'tter, t e heated particles that were comparatively quiescent readily packing together.

In racticing my in vention thc carbon artic es have only contact with the opposed aces of the transmitter-electrodes, and if, as

is preferred, the particles of carbon are inack and in the preferred embodition the transmitter includes at least one,4

movable carbon electrode and an inclosed chamber for the comininuted carbon, at least one wall of which is flexible and extended in substantially the same plane with the inner face of the carbon electrode, mechanical contact being maintained between Said carbon electrode and said flexible Wall portion. The flexible Wallper-tion i.; esirfably' of insulating material, preferably mica, and is of ring-form, the inner edge of the ring being of slightly less diameter than the carbon electrode or button, and the button and ring of mica are made concentric, so that the ring slightly overlies the button, the inner balance of the button being in direct contact with the carbon particles through the aperture in th ring. The mica ring is suiciently resilient, so as to maintain its engagement with the periphery of the carbon button. By this construction the carbon button has the desired contact with the articles of carbon within the chamber, Whi e the flexible ring with which the button is faced serves to a itate the particles of carbon that are not irectl faced by the carbon electrode. I preferab y, though not necessarily, em loy two carbon buttons as electrodes for t e transmitter and associate each with a ring of mica, asV above described, the particles of carbon being interposed between the two rings of mica. As the mica rings are preferably not mechanicall secured to the carbon buttons, the said car on buttons are so mounted that pressure is maintained upon the mica rings to effect and maintain the required engagement of the carbon buttons with the mica rin s. The form of this mounting referably inc udes a sup )Iemental ring or diaphragm of mica for eac carbon button and which is mechanically associated with the carbon button and an extension of the carbon-chamber in a way hitherto practiced in connection with granular carbon transmitters.

IOO

I will explain my invention more fully by reference to the accompanying drawings, which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the preferred form of transmitter constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view of a modification of the form shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view showing the carbon-chamber and parts immediately associated therewith as em loyed in the structure shown in Fig. l. T ig. 4 is an enlarged view showing the carbon-chamber and parts immediately associated therewith as employed in the structure shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a view in cross-section on line 5 5 of F i0. 4.

ike parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the different figures.

The transmitters shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are of familiar type, each including a mouthiece a, a casing b, to Which the mouthpiece 1s screwed, as illustrated, a speaking-diaphragm c, operated by sound wavespassing through the mouthpiece and held in position by any suitable means, this speaking-diaphragm being preferabl insulated from the transmitter-casing. A bridge d is mounted uploneach transmitter-casing and supports an electrode, which in Figs. l and 3 is in the form of a plate of carbon f and in Fi s. 2 and 4 a metallic part j" of the carbon-c amber. The electrode j" is provided with a'metallic stem g, that is held in position by means of a yset-screw h, passing through a metallic bushing i, contained within a plate of insulating material c, that is fast with respect to the bridge (l.

In Fi s. l and 3 the stem g carries a cup l, in whic is seated the button of carbon j', constituting one electrode of the transmitter, a mica ring or diaphra m m being secured between the cup l and t e balance of the stem g, this diaphragm m in turn being clamped upon the flange of the metallic chamber n by the clamp 0 in a manner similar to that now employed for mounting transmitterelectrodes, this construction being the construction that I prefer for imparting to this electrode an adjustable mounting 1n connection with the improvement of my invention. The companion carbon electrode p is mounted in a cupl, that is secured to an enlargement r, carrie by a screw 7", that is secured to the speakin -diaphragmcbymeans of a nutr2. A ring or iaphragm of mica s is interposed between the elements g r, and said ring is clamped upon a flange of the casing n by means of a clamp t, all similar to the construction now employed for the mounting of such electrodes and connecting the same with the speaking-diaphragm, the diaphra m s serving to afford the flexible mounting Ier the carbon electrode associated therewith in accordance with the preferred embodiment of my invention and for the purpose that has been set forth-. The chamber n is provided with an annular inset or shoulder u, upon which are seated rings u w, composed, prefererably, of mica, and which are concentric with each other and with the carbon buttons f p, the ring-openings being of a sli htly smaller diameter than the diameter o the olpposed buttons f p. The dia hragm s holds t e button p against the diapiira m v. The rings fu w, where they engage tie carbonplates, are maintained in irm spring-like engagement therewith, so that the articles a: of carbon interposed between the diaphragms c w do not escape. By this construction the carbon particles are revented from getting upon the sides of the e ectrodes and are therefore not liable to pack, While by extending the carbon particles beyond the electrodes and confining them by the flexible dia bra ms u w the effect of agitation is imparte to a l of the carbon, whereby requisite resistance is s afforded between the electrodes and which is always properly varied to cause production of voice currents that correspond very accurately to the speaking voice.

Fig. 5 while taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 4 shows in face View the position of each diahragm 'v w with respect to the associate car- Een button or electrode, and parts associated With the speaking-diaphragm found in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, that are similar in construction and association to parts found in Figs. 1 and 3, are iven similar characters of reference.

In igs. 2 and 4 but one movable electrode, the electrode p, coupled With the speakingdiaphra m, is employed, the companion electrode f eing the base of the metallic charnber n. This movable diaphragm is associated with the diaphragm s to reduce a structure operating the same as t e structure described in connection with Figs. l and 3, the particles of carbon :t being lnterposed between the electrodes f p in Figs. 2 and 4 and finding access to the electrode p through the aperture in the diaphragm v, as has already been set forth in connection with Figs. 1 and 3.

The desired pressure to be exerted by the diaphragms m s upon the diaphragms 'v w (which dia hragms may be termed apertured diapliragms) may be regulated by sliding the stem g in and out, which regulation may be made permanent by means of the set-screw 7L.

It will be seen that the diaphragms 1) w lie substantially in the lanes of the inner faces of the electrodes. t will also be seen that the diaphragms o w permit the particles of conductive material to extend beyond the faces of the electrodes-that is, these particles of conductive material present an area to the electrodes that exceeds the inner faces of the electrodes.

The diaphragms, it will be seen, are thin IOC as compared with the electrodes and the' parts u ion which they are innncdiately mounte whereby space is afforded on thel outside of the chamber of which the dia- Ehragms form a part, which space being unlled with comminuted material and being otherwise unoccupied ali'ords much freedom to the electrodes in their operation.

The particles of comminuted carbon or other material between the electrodes do not fully occupy the space provided for them between the electrodes to afford room within which this comminu ted carbon may expand.

It is obvious that changes may readily be made in the embodiments of my invention herein shown without departing from the spirit of-the invention; but,

, Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A telephone-transmitter including a sEeaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated t ereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode moved by the speakingdiaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to the electrode moved by the speaking-diaphragm through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber.

2. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes', said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner 4O` face of the electrode moved by the speakingdiaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to the electrode moved by the s eaking-diaphragm through the aperture in tiie diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, and a spring device for holding the electrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm in engagement with the said apertured diaphragm.

3. A telephone-transmitter including a sEeaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated t ereby, a second electrode7 a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode moved by the speakingdiaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to the electrode moved by the speakingdiaphragm through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, and an additional resilient dia- Aphragm serving to maintain the electrode moved by the speaking-diaphra m in cngagement with the said apertured iaphragm. 4. A telephone-transmitter including a s eaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated tncrejy, asecond electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact witn said electrodes, said chamber including a thin apertured resilient diaphragm l Ting close to the plane of the inner face o said electrode moved by the Speakingdiaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to the electrode moved by the speakin -diaphragm through the aperture in the diapiragm forming a part of said chamber.

5. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of-the electrode com anion to the electrode moved by the speakmg-diaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber.

6` A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated t ireby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the eleetrode moved by the speakmgdiaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a art of said chamber', and a spring device for Olding the companion electrode in engagement with the said apertured diaphragm.

7. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material Within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrede moved by the speaking-diaphragm, the said subdivided material havmg access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, and an additional resilient diaphragm serving to maintain the com anion electrode in engagement with the sai apertured diaphragm.

8. A telcphone transmitter including a s eaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated tliereby, a companion electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including a thin a crtured resilient diaphragm lying close to tige plane of the inner face of said com anion electrode, the said subdivided materia having ac- IOO IIO

to the con'ipanion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber.

9. A telephone transmitter including a sJeaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in Contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrode moved by the speaking-diaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, said chamber being also provided with an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the face of the electrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm, the subdivided material having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertured diaphragm.

10. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrode moved by the speaking-diaphragm, the said subdivided material havin access to said companion electrode throng i the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, and a spring device for holding the Fcompanion electrode in engagement with the sald apertured diaphragm, said chamber bemg also provlded with an apertured reslhent diaphragm engaging the face of the electrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm7 the subdivided material having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertured diaphragm.

11. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrode moved by the speaking-diaphragm, the said subdivided material having access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, and an additional resilient diaphragm serving to maintain the companion electrode in engagement with the said apertured diaphragm, said chamber being also provided with an apertured diaphragm en.- gaging the face of the electrode actuated by the s eaking-diaphragm, the subdivided material)having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertured diaphragm.

teiepiione-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a companion electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including a thin apertured resilient diaphragm lying close to the plane of the inner face of said companion electrode, the said subdivided material having access to the companion electrode through the aperture in the dia hragm formin a part of said chamber, said c amber being a so provided with an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the face of the electrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm, the subdivided material having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertured diaphragm. y

13. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrode moved by the speaking-diaphragm, the said subdivided material havin access to said companion electrode throug the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, said chamber being also provided with an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the face of the electrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm, the subdivided material having access to this electrode through the ap- 1 erture in said latter apertured diaphra m, and a spring device for maintaining the e ectrode actuated by the speaking-dia hragm in engagement with said apertured iaphragm associated therewith.

14. A telephone-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrode moved by the Speakmgdiaphragm, the said subdivided material havin access to said companion electrode throug the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber, a spring device for holding the com panion electrode in engagement with the said apertured diaphragm, said chamber being also provided with an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the face of the electrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm, the subdivided material having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertured diaphragm, and a spring device for maintaining the electrode actuated b the speaking-diaphragm in engagement wit said apertured diaphragm associated therewith.

15. A telephone-transmitter including a IIO s icakiiig-diaplii'agiii, an electrode actuated tlict'cby, ii second electrode, ii clutiiilict' unil subdivided material within said chaiiibi-r iiitcrposcd between and in contact with said electrodes, said cliitiiibcr including titi api-i'- turcd resilient diaphragm engaging the inner luce oll the electrode coiiipiiliion to the clcctrodo moved b v the .-i|icaking-iliiiphiagni, the said subdivided material having access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphra 'in forming ii part of said chamber, an additional resilient diaphragm serving to maintain the coin )anion electrode in engagement. with the saii'l apcrtured diaphragm, said chamber being also provided with an apertured diai'ihragiii engaging the face of the. electrode actuated b v the speaking-diaphragm, the subdivided materia having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertured dinpliriwin, and a spring device for maintaining tite eli-ictrode actuated by the speaking-diaphragm in engagement with said ai'ierturcd diaphragm associated therewith.

16. A telephone-transmitter including a swaking-diapliragin, an electrode actuated t 'ierebv, a companion electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including a. thin apertured resilient diaphragm lying close to t e plane of the inner face of said companion electrode, the said subdivided material having access to the companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forining a part of said chamber, said chamber being also provided with an apertured resilient diaphra in engaging the face of the electrode Vactuater by the speaking-diaphragm, the

subdivided material having access to this electrode through thc aperture in said latter apertured diaphragm, and a spring device for maintaining the electrode actuated bv the speaking-diaphragin in engagement with said apertured diaphragm associated therewith.

1T. A telephone-transmitter including a sieakiiig-diaphragm, an electrode actuated t iereby, a laecond electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber iiiterposed between and in contact with -said electrodes, said chamber including an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the electrode moved by the .speaking-diiii'ihragiii. the

serving to litiiitilaiti |lii.-ichctt'oilc iti contact uitlt thcsaiil apcrtnrcd diaphragm associated therewith.

IH. tclcplioliwtt'iittsiiiittcr including it s waking-iliiipliragm, an clcctroilc actuated I icrcbv, a wi-ond electrode, a chiiiiilicr and subdivided uniti-rial witiiin said chamber inlcrposcd bctivecii and in contact with said clwtrodcs, said cliiiiiiber including an aper tnrcd resilient diaphragm engaging the inner face ol' the electrode com iaiiioti to the electrode moved by the speaking-diapliragiii, the said subdivided tiiatcrial having access to said companion electrode through the aperture iii the diaphragm l'oriiiing a part of Asaid chamber a spring device for holdin" the companion electrode in engageiiictit xvii-li the said apertured diaphragm, said chamber being a so provided with an apertured resilient diaphragm engaging the face ol' the electrode actuated b v the speaking-diapliragm, the Suhdivided material having access to this electrode through the aperture in said latter apertnred diaphragm. and ii da ihragin carrying the electrode actuated by tie speaking-diaphragm and serving to maintain this electrode in contact with the said apertured diaphragm associated therewith.

lt). A telephone-transmitter including a s making-diaphragin, an electrode actuated t. iereby, a second electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including an apertnred resilient diapiu'agni engaging the inner face of the electrode companion to the elec,- trode moved by the speakingrliaphragtn, the said subdivided iiiat-crial having access to said companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part 0f said chamber, an additional resilient dia hragin serving to maintain the companion e ectrode iti engagement with the said apertured diaphragm, said chamber heilig also provided with an :iper-lured diaphragm engaging the face oi the t-lcctriulc actuated b v the s )caking-diaphragni, the subdivided material having access to thisI electrode through thc aperture in lsaid latter apcrturcd diaphragm, and

e a diiipliragiii carrying the clctt rode actuated bv the speakinu-diapliriigiii and -serving to said subdivided material having access to4 said companion electrode through tite aperture in the diaphragm l'oriiiing a part of said chamber, said chamber being also provided with an apertiired resilient diaphragm cngagiiig thc lace ol the electrode actuated b v the speaking-iliapliragin, the subdivided iiiateria having access to this electrode through tite aperture in said latter apcrtured diiiphragni, and a diaphragm carrying the elec trodcact tinted by tl'iespeaking diaphragm and maintain this eiiclrode in contact with the said iipertiired diaphragm associated therewith.

20. A telcplionc-transmitter including a speaking-iliapliragiii, an electrode actuated t icreliv. a coiiipatiion electrode, it chamber' und subdivided iiiiitcrial within said chuliibcr interposed between and iii contact willi said electrodes. `said chamber including u thin apcrturcd resilient diapbiagiii I vitig close to the plane ot' thc iiiiicr face ot' said coiiipiinioii clccti'odc. the iiid subdivided iiialcrial hnving acci-ss to thi` companion electrode through the aperture iti the diiipliriigiii forni- IOC ing a part ol' maid chamber, said chamber ht i speaking-diapln'agm, an electrode actuated ini,r also providml willi an aperlurcd resilient diaphragm engaging the face ol' the electrode l actuated by lha speakingvdiapln'agm, thel subdivided material having,r acc-eus to this'i electrode tln'onrfh the aperture in said latter apcltiurcd diaphragm, and a diaphragm car lying lha electrode actuated by thc speaking-diaphragm and serving to maintain this electrode in contact with the said apertnred diaphragm associated therewith.

2l. A tclephone-transmitter including a s waking(Iiaphrafym, an electrode actuated t iereby, u seeonir electrode, a chamber, und l subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including thin apertured resilient diuphragms lying close to the planes of the inner faces to said electrodes, said subdivided material having access to the electrodes through the apertures in the diaphragm.

A telephonc-transmitter includingr a s Hiking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated thereby,- a second electrode, a chamber, and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact with said electrodes, said chamber including thin apex" tured resilient dia hragms engaging the ciectrodes and lying c se to the planes of the i11- ner faces of said electrodes, said subdivided material having access to the electrodes through the apertures in the diaphragms.

23. A nflephonwtransmitter including a icreh'v, a Vmond electrode, a chamber and subdivided materlul within said chamber interposed bi-Iwccn and in contact with said ieler'lrudus, H'aid chamber including a lhin npcrtnred resilient diaphragm lvin;r close lo t w plane ol' tlnl inner lace ol' amlucngaging said electrode moved by the .-a|nakin;,;diuv phragm, the said subdivided material having access to the electrode moved by theA spunking-ilii1pl1ragm through the aperture in the diaphragm forming u part of Iquid chamber.

24. A telephone.-transmitter including a speaking-diaphragm, an electrode actuated t erebv, a companion electrode, a chamber and subdivided material within said chamber interposed between and in contact. with said electrodes, said chamber' including a thin apertured resilient diaphragm lying close lo the plane of the inner face of and engaging said companion electrode, the said subdi vided material having access to the companion electrode through the aperture in the diaphragm forming a part of said chamber.

In witness whereof l hereunto subscribe Iry name this 23d day of September, A. l).

ERNEST E. YAXLEY.

Witnesses:

G. L. CRAGG, LEON STROH. 

